Lecture 9a: The Latter Prophets

https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/f7wymzax2s48kp4r6ke4e/Video-Lecture-9a-The-Latter-Prophets.mp4?rlkey=6e5addfg2qh6utffin0n8qxhv&dl=0 

Hebrew Bible Sections

• Law (Torah)
• Prophets (Nevi'im)
  • Former Prophets (Nevi'im Rishonim)
  • Latter Prophets (Nevi'im Akharonim)
• Writings (Ketuvim)

The Latter Prophets

• Hebrew/Jewish Bible numbers 15 Prophets: Isaiah, Ezekiel, Jeremiah and "The Twelve". The Book of Daniel is part of the Ketuvim (Writings).
• The Christian Old Testament contains 16 Prophets: 4 Major, 12 Minor
• Prophets are messengers of God's revelation
  • Prophet "nabi" - comes from an old root "n-b-'" meaning "to call, to summon up, to speak on behalf of" - this could refer to the prophetic call (God calls his prophets to be his messengers) or the prophet "calling/summoning up" the people and "speaking" on behalf of God
• Prophets can be divided into:
  • Non-writing Prophets (sometimes called Primitive Prophets)
    • Begins with Moses and continues with other non-writing prophets like Samuel, Nathan, Gad, Elijah, Elisha
  • Writing (Classical) Prophets
    • Those with books in the Old Testament
    • Emerged in 8th Century BC in both Kingdoms
• Prophets Can be divided Chronologically
  • 8th Century BC Prophets (North: Hosea, Amos; South: Isaiah, Micah)
  • 7th Century BC Prophets
  • 7th-6th Century BC Prophets
  • Exilic Prophets
  • Post-Exilic Prophets

8th Century BC Prophets

Context

• Rise of Assyria
• Tiglath-Pileser III (734 BC, the Syro-Ephraimite war; Isaiah and king Ahaz of Judah (Isaiah 7))
• Sargon II (722 BC, the fall of Samaria and exile; King Hoshea of Israel)
• Sennacherib (701 BC, the siege of Judah and Jerusalem; King Hezekiah of Judah)
  

Amos (760-745 BC)

• Amos 5:18-27
• Amos 5:23-24
• Amos 7
• Amos 9
• Amos 9:11