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Heaven: HG Bishop Youannis of Gharbeya

Heaven and Us
  1. Man is a heavenly creature
    • Man is created with body and soul/spirit - the body is taken from the dust of the ground, and the spirit is breathed by God (Genesis 1, 2)
    • For this reason, "the flesh lusts against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh" (Galatians 5:17)
    • If he didn't have the body, he would be spirit like the angels
    • If he didn't have the spirit, he would be flesh like the animals
    • But man is unique
  2. Man is separated from God, living in sojourn
    • Sojourn is temporary. We came from heaven, and we are going there again. In the mean time, we live on the earth.
    • Jacob when Pharaoh asked how old he was said "the years of my sojourn are few and evil"
    • King David wrote in the Psalms: "I am a stranger in the earth" (Psalm 118:19) - "Be not silent for I am a sojourner in the land and a stranger, as all my fathers were" (Psalm 38)
    • St Paul wrote about the righteous of the Old Testament that they died in the faith not having received the promises, but having seen them from afar off were assured of them, embraced them and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims of the earth." (Hebrews 11:13)
  3. Man is constantly linked to heaven
    1. Eagerness for heaven
      • All humanity years for heaven - they earn for comfort and peace and goodness
      • Monastics who leave the world and go to live in the desert exemplify this eagerness
    2. Prayer
      • Prayer connects us to heaven since we are talking to God who dwells in heaven
    3. Charity and Offerings
      • When we give charity and offerings, we lay up for ourselves treasures in heaven (heavenly bank)
    4. Intercession of the Angels and Saints
      • Contacting the heavenly inhabitants is easy: just say "O Virgin Mary; O Archangel Michael; O Saint George; O Saint Mina; O Saint Augustine!"
      • We believe in the power of intercession
      • When we pray the morning doxology, it is like we are saying good morning to each of the saints one by one
  4. Man has authority in heaven
    • Because man is heavenly, he has authority in heaven
    • Joshua managed to stop the sun in heaven
    • Elijah shut the sky from rain for three and a half years, and then opened it again (by his prayers)
    • The Priesthood is given an additional authority in heaven "to bind and too lose on earth that it be bound and loosed in heaven"
  5. Man's Last Dwelling is in heaven
    • "When I witness the overwhelming joy that man gains by dying and the triviality of what he loses by departing from life, I cannot bear any eagerness so intense to go up to heaven. I cry out to God saying, "When, O God, will You deliver me from this life and make me dwell in my dear country?" - St Gregory Nazianzen
  6. Man's has heavenly parentage
    • The Lord Christ always referred to "your heavenly Father" or "your Father in heaven" or "when you pray, say Our Father"
    • The sonship to God is real by the Second Birth.
      • Christ has two births - Begotten of the Father before all ages; Born of the Virgin in the fullness of time
      • We have two births - physical birth by natural delivery; second birth from God and the Church of water and the Spirit
  7. Man's Life is to prepare for heaven
    • When you will move to a new house, you do a lot of research - the schools, the neighborhood, crime rates, nearby churches, etc.
    • When you are going to a new school or a new job, you ask a lot of questions do a lot of research, etc.
    • Same with preparing to go to our new country - Heaven
Heaven is a Confirmed Fact and Reality

What is heaven?

  • The word heaven refers to "what is up above" - in English it comes from "heaved up"
  • Three levels of heaven
    1. "Heaven of the birds" - the atmosphere around the earth
    2. "Outer Space" - where the sun, moon, stars are
    3. "Paradise of Joy" - where St Paul glimpsed (2 Corinthians 12:2-4)
    4. "Heaven of Heavens" - The Throne of God

Witnesses to the Existence of Heaven

  • Human Nature has always inclined towards afterlife
    • Ancient peoples always believed in immortality, existence of God, life after death, etc. This was regardless of time period or geographic location.
    • It is an instinctive feeling in mankind - although it may weaken in some for a time, it is never extinguished from our nature
    • God gave us the instinct for a reason - to redirect towards Heaven
  • Good things come from God
  • Nature's Testimony
    • "The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament proclaims the work of His hands" (Psalms 18:1)
    • Throughout history, scientists have seen God in the works of nature
      • "I have seen God in the works of nature and its laws. These prove the existence of wisdom and power are not materialistic" - Sir Isaac Newton
    • Silk worm that gets in a cocoon and emerges as a butterfly
    • A seed that dropped in the earth and buried brings forth grain
  • Death of Atheists vs Saints
    • Many atheists who deny God's existence or the existence of heaven or an afterlife, come to the end of their life and lay in fear
    • Compare with the saints who are joyful on their deathbeds, or even raced to their death in martyrdom, facing it with aspiration, with a smile - as if approaching a date of encounter with someone they have been longing for
  • The Testament of Scripture
    • Exodus 20:4
    • Psalms 19:6
    • Psalms 10:5
    • Psalms 2:4
    • Psalms 102:19
    • 1 Kings 8:27
    • Job 38:33
    • John 3:13
    • John 1:51
    • Matthew 5:34-35
    • Matthew 5:18
    • Luke 10:20
    • Hebrews 12:25
    • Acts 7:55-56
    • Revelation
    • 2 Corinthians 12:4
    • 1 Corinthians 2:9
  • The Testament of Contemporaries
    • Miracle of St Mary at Zeitoun
    • Page 51-55 has several examples
Holy, Holy, Holy: The Majesty of Heaven

The Heavenly City

10And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great and high mountain, and showed me the great city, the holy Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God, 11 having the glory of God. Her light was like a most precious stone, like a jasper stone, clear as crystal. 12 Also she had a great and high wall with twelve gates, and twelve angels at the gates, and names written on them, which are the names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel: 13 three gates on the east, three gates on the north, three gates on the south, and three gates on the west.

14 Now the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them were the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb. 15 And he who talked with me had a gold reed to measure the city, its gates, and its wall. 16 The city is laid out as a square; its length is as great as its breadth. And he measured the city with the reed: twelve thousand furlongs. Its length, breadth, and height are equal. 17 Then he measured its wall: one hundred and forty-four cubits, according to the measure of a man, that is, of an angel. 18 The construction of its wall was of jasper; and the city was pure gold, like clear glass. 19 The foundations of the wall of the city were adorned with all kinds of precious stones: the first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald, 20 the fifth sardonyx, the sixth sardius, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst. 21 The twelve gates were twelve pearls: each individual gate was of one pearl. And the street of the city was pure gold, like transparent glass.

22 But I saw no temple in it, for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are its temple. 23 The city had no need of the sun or of the moon to shine [l]in it, for the [m]glory of God illuminated it. The Lamb is its light.

  • "Made of pure gold"
    • Gold that we consider the most precious of elements on earth is what the floors in heaven are made of
    • Indication of purity
  • "Her light was like a most precious stone, like a jasper stone, clear as crystal."
    • Like Moses' shining face after being in God's presence
    • The outside of the city reflects God's light
  • "The city is laid out as a square; its length is as great as its breadth"
    • Refers to perfection - thus, those who dwell in it must be perfect
  • "the wall: 144 cubits" - "the city: twelve thousand furlongs."
    • 12,000 furlongs is like 1500 miles and it's symbolic to refer to the immensity of the heavenly city
    • The walls are high to symbolize that "there shall by no means enter it anything that defiles or causes an abomination or a lie, but only those who are written in the Lamb's Book of Life" (Revelation 21:27)
    • The repeated use of 12 and its multiples - doors are twelve, twelve angels, tribes and apostles are twelve, twleve foundations, 12,000, 144, etc. 12 points to the Kingdom of God and the sons of the Kingdom. In the OT, the sons of God were the twelve tribes. In the NT, they are the Church preached by the 12 apostles.
  • "names written on it"
    • Both the tribes and the apostles are written, referring to the fact that heaven includes both as the Church gathers both - those from the Old Covenant who believed, and those from the New Covenant
  • "the twelve gates"
    • three doors on each of the four sides represents that the city of God accepts dwellers with no partiality, from every corner of the earth
  • "the foundations"
    • Made of precious stones, with the names of the apostles engraved on them
    • The foundation on which we build our eternity is the divine virtues that God grants us

Life in Heaven

  • "there is no hunger or thirst; no heat or cold" (Revelation 7:16)
  • "there is no crying or sighing; no suffering or sickness" (Revelation 7:17)
  • "there are no passions or divisions" (1 Cor 15:42-44)
  • "there is no jealousy, envy, or disagreement in heaven" (Psalm 132)
  • "there is no darkness" (Revelation 22:5)
  • "there is no ignorance in heaven, only perfect knowledge" (1 Corinthians 13:9-12)
  • We shall see all those who have attained the glory and who have departed before us
  • We shall hear the praises of the angels
  • We shall experience the fullness of God's presence and His love, that we cannot describe except by saying "My beloved is mine, and I am His" (Song of Songs 2:16)

Will we get bored?

We cannot give a perfect picture of heaven:

  • It is in expressible
  • We will be changed (and without bodies that get bored, or that lust for other things)
  • We will be in the presence of God who is Life and Joy Itself
Heaven's Creation
Death and the Afterlife

 

Those Qualified for Heaven and Those Forbidden
The End of the World and Christ's Second Coming

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